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Causes of Macular Degeneration

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The exact cause of macular degeneration is unknown, but there are some risk factors, including:

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• Age: Macular degeneration is more common in older adults.

• Family history: If you have a family history of macular degeneration, you are at an increased risk.

• Race: Macular degeneration is more common in Caucasians than in other races.

• Smoking: Smoking increases your risk of developing macular degeneration.

• High blood pressure: High blood pressure increases your risk of developing macular degeneration.

• High cholesterol: High cholesterol increases your risk of developing macular degeneration.

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Symptoms of Macular Degeneration

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The symptoms of macular degeneration can vary depending on the type of macular degeneration you have.

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Wet macular degeneration symptoms may include:

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• Blurred vision

• A blind spot in your central vision

• A distortion of your vision

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Dry macular degeneration symptoms may include:

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• Blurred vision

• A gradual loss of central vision

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Diagnosis of Macular Degeneration

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Macular degeneration is diagnosed by an eye doctor during a comprehensive eye exam. The eye doctor will look at your eyes and ask you about your symptoms. They may also perform tests, such as an Amsler grid test, to confirm the diagnosis.

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Treatment of Macular Degeneration

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There is no cure for macular degeneration, but there are treatments that can help to slow the progression of the disease and improve your vision. Treatment options for wet macular degeneration include:

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• Eye injections: Eye injections with medications called anti-VEGF drugs can help to stop the growth of abnormal blood vessels in the retina.

• Photodynamic therapy: Photodynamic therapy is a procedure that uses a laser to destroy abnormal blood vessels in the retina.

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Treatment options for dry macular degeneration include:

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• Diet and lifestyle changes: Eating a healthy diet and exercising regularly can help to slow the progression of dry macular degeneration.

• Vision therapy: Vision therapy can help you to improve your vision and make the most of your remaining vision.

• Low vision aids: Low vision aids, such as magnifiers and special glasses, can help you to see better.

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Prevention of Macular Degeneration

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There is no sure way to prevent macular degeneration, but there are some things you can do to reduce your risk, including:

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• Don't smoke.

• Eat a healthy diet.

• Exercise regularly.

• Control your blood pressure.

• Control your cholesterol.

• Get regular eye exams.

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