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Causes of Diabetic Retinopathy

The exact cause of diabetic retinopathy is not fully understood, but high blood sugar levels are a major factor. When blood sugar remains elevated over time, it can damage the small blood vessels in the retina, causing them to leak or become blocked. This damage can result in swelling, bleeding, and other changes that affect vision. Proper diabetes management is key to reducing the risk of developing this condition and slowing its progression.

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Symptoms of Diabetic Retinopathy

In the early stages, diabetic retinopathy may not cause any noticeable symptoms, which is why regular eye exams are so important for people with diabetes. As the condition progresses, however, symptoms may develop. Common signs include blurred vision, dark spots or floaters in your vision, sensitivity to light, or eye pain. If you notice any changes in your vision, it’s important to schedule an eye exam promptly, as early intervention can help prevent further damage.

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Diagnosis of Diabetic Retinopathy

Diabetic retinopathy is diagnosed during a comprehensive eye exam by an eye doctor. Your doctor will carefully examine the retina for signs of blood vessel damage or leakage and will ask about your symptoms and medical history. Additional tests, such as an ophthalmoscopy, may be performed to provide a detailed view of the retina. Early detection is critical, as it allows your doctor to recommend treatments that can slow progression and help preserve vision.

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Treatment of Diabetic Retinopathy

While there is no cure for diabetic retinopathy, there are effective treatments to prevent further vision loss and manage symptoms. Eye drops that help control blood sugar levels may be recommended to slow the disease’s progression. Laser treatments can seal leaking blood vessels in the retina, helping to protect vision. In more advanced cases, surgery may be necessary if other treatments have not been effective. Your eye doctor will work with you to determine the most appropriate treatment plan based on the severity of your condition.

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Prevention of Diabetic Retinopathy

Although diabetic retinopathy cannot always be completely prevented, there are steps you can take to lower your risk. The most important preventive measure is controlling blood sugar levels through a healthy diet, regular exercise, and proper use of any prescribed medications. Maintaining overall health by managing blood pressure and cholesterol can also help protect your eyes. In addition, people with diabetes should get regular eye exams, even if they have no symptoms, because early detection allows for more effective treatment and better outcomes.

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Living with diabetes means taking extra care of your eyes, and early action can make a significant difference. At East Florida Eye Institute, our team is dedicated to helping patients manage diabetic retinopathy with thorough evaluations, advanced diagnostic testing, and personalized treatment plans. If you have diabetes or have noticed changes in your vision, we encourage you to schedule an appointment with us. Together, we can monitor your eye health, protect your vision, and help you maintain your quality of life.

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