Causes of Dry Eye

Dry eye can happen for many different reasons, and often it’s a mix of factors. As we age, our eyes naturally make fewer tears, which is why dry eye is more common in older adults. The environment around us can also play a big role—wind, dust, smoke, or even air conditioning can dry out the eyes and make them feel irritated. Certain health conditions, such as rheumatoid arthritis, Sjögren’s syndrome, or diabetes, may also increase the risk. Some medications, like antihistamines for allergies or antidepressants, can reduce tear production as well. Lifestyle habits are another important piece of the puzzle. Spending long hours on a computer, tablet, or phone, or being in dry indoor air without breaks, can all lead to dry, uncomfortable eyes.

 

Symptoms of Dry Eye

Dry eye can feel different for everyone, but there are some common signs to look out for. Many people describe a scratchy, gritty feeling in their eyes—almost like sand is stuck inside. A burning or stinging sensation is also common, and vision may become blurry, especially after reading or using a screen for a long time. Some people find their eyes are extra sensitive to light, which can make driving or being outdoors uncomfortable. While the symptoms can range from mild to bothersome, if dry eye is left untreated, it can begin to affect daily activities and quality of life.

 

Diagnosis of Dry Eye

If you think you may have dry eye, the best step is to visit your eye doctor for a complete exam. During the visit, your doctor will ask about your symptoms and carefully check the surface of your eyes. They may also perform simple tests to see how well your tears are working—measuring how much you produce and how quickly they evaporate. These tests help confirm whether dry eye is the cause of your discomfort and allow your doctor to recommend the most effective treatment for your specific needs.

 

Treatment of Dry Eye

Although there isn’t a permanent cure for dry eye, there are many treatment options that can bring lasting relief. For many patients, using artificial tears is the first step. These drops, available over-the-counter or by prescription, add moisture to the eyes and ease irritation. Warm compresses can also help by improving circulation and opening up the glands in the eyelids that support healthy tears. For those who need more support, tiny devices called punctal plugs can be placed in the tear ducts to help the eyes hold onto moisture longer. Advanced treatments such as LipiFlow® use gentle heat and massage to restore better tear production. In more severe cases, surgery may be an option. Every treatment plan is tailored to the individual, so your doctor will work with you to find the right combination to keep your eyes comfortable.

 

Prevention of Dry Eye

While you can’t always prevent dry eye, there are many simple things you can do to lower your risk. Avoiding cigarette smoke and protecting your eyes from wind and dust can go a long way. Wearing sunglasses outdoors not only shields your eyes from the sun but also helps keep them from drying out. Indoors, using a humidifier adds moisture to the air, especially helpful during winter or when the heat or air conditioning is running. If you spend a lot of time on screens, remember to take breaks and blink often to give your eyes a rest. Drinking plenty of water and eating a healthy diet rich in nutrients and omega-3 fatty acids can also support better eye health overall. Small daily habits can make a big difference in keeping your eyes feeling comfortable and healthy.

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Living with dry eye can be frustrating, but you don’t have to go through it alone. At East Florida Eye Institute, we understand how uncomfortable dry eye can be and how much it can affect your daily life. Our caring team is here to listen, answer your questions, and create a treatment plan that’s just right for you. Whether your symptoms are mild or more severe, we have the tools and expertise to help bring you lasting relief. If you’ve been struggling with dry, irritated eyes, we encourage you to schedule an appointment with us. Together, we’ll work toward keeping your eyes healthy, comfortable, and clear,

so you can get back to enjoying the things you love.​